\"Anesthetic Pharmacology\" Ernest H. Volwiler Hand Album Page For Sale

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\"Anesthetic Pharmacology\" Ernest H. Volwiler Hand Album Page:
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Up for sale "Anesthetic Pharmacology" Ernest H. Volwiler Hand Album Page. 

ES-7274E

Ernest

Henry Volwiler (August

22, 1893 – October 3, 1992) was an American chemist. He spent his career

at Abbott Laboratories working

his way from staff chemist to CEO. He was a pioneer in the field of anesthetic pharmacology, assisting in the development of two Volwiler also helped Abbott Laboratories to achieve

commercial success for its pharmaceutical products including the

commercialization of penicillin and sulfa drugs during World War II. Ernest Henry Volwiler was born on August 22,

1893 to Mr. and Mrs. Jacob Volwiler of Hamilton, Ohio, German-speaking immigrants. They lived on a

farm near the intersection of Layhigh and Robinson roads in Morgan

Township, Butler County, Ohio. As a child, Volwiler and his

brother Albert Tangeman Volwiler attended a one-room schoolhouse. Later, Ernest

attended Morgan Twp. High School in Okeana, Ohio, graduating in 1909. He then

spent a year teaching in a country school, to earn money for university.Volwiler

received a bachelor's degree from Miami University in Oxford, Ohio in

1914. He became interested in chemistry after attending a lecture by John C.

Hessler of James Milliken University, Decatur, Ill. He went on to receive a master's degree and Ph.D. in chemistry

from the University

of Illinois in 1916 and 1918. Volwiler was Roger Adams' first doctoral student. Starting in 1915 as

a summer student, Volwiler worked with Clarence

Derick's Organic Chemical Manufactures unit at the University of

Illinois, learning to make and sell chemicals that had previously been imported

from Germany. From 1916 to 1917 Volwiler served as Chemist-in-Charge of Organic

Chemical Manufactures. From 1917 to 1918, he was a Fellow in Chemistry at the

University of Illinois. Recruited by Wallace C.

Abbott, Volwiler joined Abbott Laboratories as a research chemist in 1918. Volwiler became Chief Chemist in 1920

and Director of Research in 1930. From 1933 to 1946, he acted as Vice President

of Research and Development. From 1946 to 1950, he became Executive Vice

President of Abbott Laboratories, and from 1950 to 1958, President and General

Manager. In 1958, he became Chairman of the Board, retiring in 1961. Abbott Laboratories

produced significant financial returns during his tenure as CEO. His first job at

Abbott Laboratories was to recreate the German sedative Veronal, for use

in World War I hospitals. Volwiler was able to meet the

demand, successfully synthesizing Barbital and overseeing its production in spite of

shortages of time, people and equipment.  Volwiler was a pioneer in the field of anesthetic pharmacology, assisting in the development of two breakthrough

drugs, developed by Ernest H. Volwiler and Donalee L. Tabern of Abbott

Laboratories in 1930, was a novel barbiturate that could induce sleep within 20

minutes. It had the advantage of rarely producing hangovers or other side

effects. An oral-hypnotic barbiturate, Nembutal has a long narcotic

duration, with attendant risk of abuse. In 1934, Volwiler and Tabern

synthesized the first intravenous general anesthetic, Sodium thiopental, in 1934. In the mid 1930s, Volwiler and Tabern spent

three years screening over 200 candidate compounds in search of a substance

which could be injected directly into the blood stream to produce

unconsciousness. They eventually discovered acid, a sulfur-bearing analogue

of Nembutal, was fast, effective and lacked side effects such as twitching or

delirium. Sodium thiopental was first used in humans on 8 March 1934

by Ralph M. Waters in an

investigation of its properties, which were short-term anesthesia and

surprisingly little analgesia. Three months later, John Silas Lundy started clinical trials of thiopental at

the Mayo Clinic at the request of Abbott Laboratories. Volwiler

and Tabern were awarded U.S. Patent No. 2,153,729 in 1939 for the discovery of

thiopental. Pentothal's discovery revolutionized intravenous

anesthesia. The anesthetic can quickly put patients to sleep for a short period

of time to relieve the discomfort of surgery or other medical procedures, or to

allow physicians to administer longer lasting, inhalable anesthetics. It is

both easy to use, and relatively safe to handle and transport. The dangers of cardio-depressant

effects and overdose due to repeated use were soon discovered During World

War II, 78% of patients received Pentothal anesthetic, with a mortality rate of

0.018%. Pentothal has sometimes been referred to as a "truth serum",

because it can cause people to talk freely. For a time after World War II,

pentothal was valued in some forms of psychotherapy for this disinhibiting effect. There is no

guarantee, however, that what is reported is reliable, and such results have

been rejected as evidence in court. Volwiler helped Abbott Laboratories to achieve

commercial success for its pharmaceutical products including the

commercialization of sulfa drugs and penicillin during World War II. Abbott was one of five

companies enlisted in 1941 by the U. S. government to develop penicillin.   

"Anesthetic Pharmacology" Ernest H. Volwiler Hand Album Page

$279.99