"Nobel Prize in Physics" Theodor W. Hänsch Hand Signed Announcement Dated 1985 For Sale

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"Nobel Prize in Physics" Theodor W. Hänsch Hand Signed Announcement Dated 1985:
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for sale the "Nobel Prize in Physics" Theodor W. Hänsch Hand Signed Announcement Dated 1985. 

fourth of the 2005 Nobel Prize

in Physics for "contributions to the development of laser-based precision spectroscopy, including

the sharing the prize with John L. Hall and Roy J. Glauber. Hänsch is

Director of the Max-Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik (quantum optics) and Professor of

experimental physics and laser

spectroscopy at Germany Hänsch

received his secondary education gained his Diplom and doctoral Heidelberg in

the 1960s. Subsequently, he became a professor to 1986. He In 1986, he received the Albert A.

Michelson Medal from the Franklin

Institute. In the same year Hänsch returned to Germany to head

the Max-Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik. In 1989, he Leibniz Prize of which is the highest honour awarded in

German research. In 2005, he also received the Otto Hahn Award of the City

of Frankfurt am

Main, the Society of German Chemists and the German Physical

Society. In that same year, the Optical

Society of America awarded him the Frederic Ives Medal and the

status of honorary member in 2008. One of

his students, Carl E.

Wieman, received the Nobel Prize in Physics in 2001. In 1970 he

invented a new type of laser which generated light pulses with an all the photons emitted from the laser had nearly the same energy, to a

precision of 1 part in a million). Using this device he succeeded to measure

the transition frequency of the Balmer line of

atomic hydrogen with a much

higher precision than before. During the late 1990s, he and his coworkers

developed a new method to measure the frequency of laser light to an even

higher precision, using a device called the optical frequency comb generator. This

invention was then used to measure the Lyman line of atomic

hydrogen to an extraordinary precision of 1 part in a hundred trillion. At such

a high precision, it became possible to search for possible changes constants of the universe over time. For these

achievements he became co-recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physics for 2005. The Nobel

Prize was awarded to Professor Hänsch in recognition for work that he did at

the end of the 1990s at the Max Planck Institute in Garching, near Munich,

Germany. He developed an optical "frequency comb synthesiser", which

makes it possible, for the first time, to measure with extreme precision the

number of light oscillations per second. These optical frequency measurements

can be millions of times more precise than previous spectroscopic

determinations of the wavelength of

light. The work in Garching was motivated by experiments on

the very precise laser spectroscopy of the hydrogen atom. This atom has a

particularly simple structure. By precisely determining its spectral line,

scientists were able to draw conclusions about how valid our fundamental

physical constants are – if, for example, they change slowly with time. By the

end of the 1980s, the laser spectroscopy of hydrogen had reached the maximum

precision allowed by interferometric measurements of optical wavelengths. The

researchers at the Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics thus

speculated about new methods, and developed the optical frequency comb

synthesizer. Its name comes from the fact that it generates a light spectrum

out of what are originally single-colour, ultrashort pulses of light. This

spectrum is made of hundreds of thousands of sharp spectral lines with a

constant frequency interval. Such a frequency comb is similar to a ruler. When

the frequency of a particular radiation is determined, it can be compared to

the extremely acute comb spectral lines, until one is found that

"fits". In 1998, Professor Hänsch received a Philip Morris Research

Prize for the development of this "measurement device". One of the

first applications of this new kind of light source was to determine the

frequency of the very narrow ultraviolet hydrogen 1S-2S two-photon transition.

Since then, the frequency has been determined with a precision of 15 decimal

places. The frequency comb now serves as the basis for optical frequency

measurements in large numbers of laboratories worldwide. Since 2002, the

company Menlo Systems, in whose foundation the Max Planck Institute in Garching

played a role, has been delivering commercial frequency comb synthesizers to

laboratories all over the world. Hänsch introduced intracavity telescopic beam

expansion to grating tuned laser oscillators[4] thus

producing the first narrow-linewidth tunable laser. This development has been

credited with having had a major influence in the development of grating laser oscillators. In

turn, tunable narrow-linewidth organic lasers, and solid-state lasers, using

total illumination of the grating, have had a major impact in laser

spectroscopy.

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