You have got very good at applying first principles and logic now and can cut thru these pseudoscience junk arguments.
The proof of ten minutes into the future existing is easy, most layman do it hours in advance when they set an alarm clock. The prediction of all your frameworks says it's true that is all you need. Now all this crackpot needs to do is show an example when setting an alarm clock 10 minutes into the future doesn't work.
“The definition of insanity is doing the same thing over and over again, but expecting different results” ... Albert Einstein
The is a classic example of a layman or crackpot not understanding the basic rules of science.
Science doesn't prove anything is right,
it can only falsifies what is wrong. So the question is framed wrong, science does not have to prove ten minutes into the future exists our physical laws predict that is true. If he believes the physics laws are wrong what he must do is falsify them. The onus is on him to prove science is wrong not on science to prove itself right. Many of those types here do the same, they demand science prove something and don't get why everyone in science just ignores them.
When anyone asks you to "prove it to them" they aren't practicing science. You can show a calculation of an answer in science but that is not a proof it is a verification within a framework and depends on assumptions. We got into that on another thread, where multiple valid answers can exist and even use the same calculation.
In classical physics time exists by induction but its nature is unclear. In general relativity time exists as a required part of every point in space. In QM time becomes a fundamental quantity that exists for the wavefunction to exist for any observer. In most normal layman situations the three answers to any problem look exactly the same. So every framework in science plays time as a fundamental structure of the universe and hence it exists in The International System of Quantities (SI).
It is up to those who say that isn't right to falsify, not for science to prove it. Science will quite happily just use time like it always has until that happens
