RARE "HIV Discoverer" Robert Gallo Signed 10X8 Color Photo Todd Mueller COA For Sale

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RARE "HIV Discoverer" Robert Gallo Signed 10X8 Color Photo Todd Mueller COA:
$399.99

RobertCharles Gallo(/ˈɡɑːloʊ/; born March 23, 1937) is anAmericanbiomedical researcher. He is best known for hisrole in the discovery of thehuman immunodeficiency virus(HIV) astheinfectious agentresponsible foracquired immunedeficiency syndrome(AIDS) and in the development of the HIVblood test, and he has been a major contributor to subsequent HIV research. Gallois the director and co-founder of theInstitute of Human Virology(IHV)at theUniversity ofMaryland School of MedicineinBaltimore, Maryland,established in 1996 in a partnership including the State of Maryland and theCity of Baltimore. In November 2011, Gallo was named the first Homer &Martha Gudelsky Distinguished Professor in Medicine. Gallo is also a co-founderof biotechnology company Profectus BioSciences, Inc. and co-founder andscientific director of theGlobal Virus Network(GVN).Gallo was the most cited scientist in the world from 1980 to 1990, according tothe Institute for Scientific Information, and he was ranked third in the worldfor scientific impact for the period 1983–2002.He has published over1,300 papers. Gallo was born inWaterbury, Connecticuttoa working-class family of Italian descent. He earned aBSdegree inBiologyin 1959 fromProvidence Collegeandreceived anMDfromJefferson Medical CollegeinPhiladelphia, Pennsylvaniain1963. After completing hismedical residencyattheUniversity of Chicago, hebecame a researcher at theNational Cancer Institute,where he worked for 30 years, mainly as head of the Laboratory of Tumor CellBiology. Gallo states that his choice of profession was influenced by the earlydeath of his sister fromleukemia, a disease to which he initiallydedicated much of his research. Afterlistening to a talk by biologistDavid Baltimoreand further stimulation from hisvirologist colleague, Robert Ting, concerning the work of the lateHoward Martin Temin, Gallobecame interested in the study ofretroviruses, and made their study the primary activity of hislab. In 1976, Doris Morgan, a first year post-doctoral fellow in Gallo's lab,was asked by Gallo to examine culture fluid of activated lymphocytes for thepossible production of growth factors. Soon she was successful in growingT lymphocytes. Gallo, Morgan and Frank Ruscetti, anotherresearcher in Gallo's lab, coauthored a paper inSciencedescribing their method.The Gallo group identified this as T-cellgrowth factor (TCGF). The name was changed in 1978 toIL-2(interleukin-2) by the Second InternationalLymphokine Conference (which was held in Interlaken, Switzerland).Although earlier reports had described solublemolecules with biologic effects, the effects and biochemistry of the factorswere not well characterized. One such example was the report by Julius Gordonin 1965, which described blastogenic transformation oflymphocytes in extracellular media. However, cell growth was not demonstratedand the affected cell type was not identified, making the identity of thefactor(s) involved unclear and its natural function unknown. The discovery ofIL-2 allowed T cells, previously thought to be dead end cells, to be grownsignificantly in culture for the first time, opening research into many aspectsof T cell immunology. Gallo's lab later purified and biochemicallycharacterized IL-2. This breakthrough also allowed researchers to grow T-cellsand study the viruses that affect them, such as human T-cell leukemia virus,orHTLV, the first retrovirus identified in humans, which BernardPoiesz, another post-doctoral fellow in Gallo's lab played a key role in itsisolation.HTLV's role in leukemia was clarified when Kiyoshi Takatsukiand other Japanese researchers, puzzling over an outbreak of a rare form ofleukemia,later independently found the same retrovirus, and both groupsshowed HTLV to be the cause.At the same time, a similar HTLV-associatedleukemia was identified by the Gallo group in the Caribbean.In 1982,Gallo received theLasker Award: "For his pioneeringstudies that led to the discovery of the first human RNA tumor virus [the oldname for retroviruses] and its association with certain leukemias and lymphomas.On May 4, 1984, Gallo and his collaborators published a series of four papersin the scientific journalSciencedemonstrating that a retrovirus they hadisolated, called HTLV-III in the belief that the virus was related to theleukemia viruses of Gallo's earlier work, was the cause of AIDS.A French team at thePasteur InstituteinParis, France, led byLuc Montagnier, had published a paper inSciencein1983, describing a retrovirus they called LAV (lymphadenopathy associatedvirus), isolated from a patient at risk for AIDS. Gallo was awardedhis second Lasker Award in 1986 for "determining that the retrovirus nowknown as HIV-1 is the cause of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome(AIDS)." He is the only recipient of two Lasker Awards.In 1986, Gallo, Dharam Ablashi, and Syed ZakiSalahuddin discovered human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6),later found to cause Roseola infantum, aninfantile disease. In 1989, at aconference sponsored by theCatholic Churchat Vatican City on HIV/AIDS, Gallo promisedattendees that there would be an effective vaccine by 1992. In 1991,following years of controversy surrounding a 1987 out of court settlementbetween the National Institutes of Health and France's Pasteur Institute, Galloadmitted the virus he claimed to have discovered in 1984 was in reality a virussent to him from France the year before, putting an end to a six-year effort byGallo and his employer, the National Institutes of Health, to claim the AIDSvirus as an independent discovery. In 1995, Gallo with his colleagues Paolo Lusso andFiorenza Cocchi published their discovery that chemokines, a class of naturallyoccurring compounds, are potent and specific HIV inhibitors.This discovery was heralded by Sciencemagazine as one of the top scientific breakthroughs of the year.The rolechemokines play in controlling the progression of HIV infection has influencedthinking on how AIDS works against the human immune system]and led to a class of drugs used to treat HIV,thechemokine antagonistsorentry inhibitors, and helped (conceptually) in the advancesthat led to the discovery of the cell co-receptor for HIV infection, becausethis is the molecule the HIV inhibitory molecules bind.Gallo and two longtimescientific collaborators,Robert R. RedfieldandWilliam A. Blattner,founded theInstitute of Human Virologyin1996. Gallo's team at the institute maintain an ongoing program of scientificresearch and clinical care and treatment for people living with HIV/AIDS,treating more than 5,000 patients in Baltimore and 500,000 patients atinstitute-supported clinics in Africa and the Caribbean.In July 2007, Gallo and his team were awardeda $15million grant from theBill and Melinda GatesFoundationfor research into a preventive vaccine for HIV/AIDS.Additionally, in 2011 Gallo and his team received $23.4million from aconsortium of funding sources to support the next phase of research into theInstitute of Human Virology's (IHV) promising HIV/AIDS preventive vaccinecandidate. The IHV vaccine program grants included $16.8million from theBill & Melinda Gates Foundation, $2.2million from the U.S. Army'sMilitary HIV Research Program (MHRP), and other research funding from a varietyof sources including the U.S. National Institutes of Health (NIH).

RARE "HIV Discoverer" Robert Gallo Hand Signed TLS Dated 1995

$399.99

RARE "HIV Discoverer" Robert Gallo Signed 10X8 Color Photo

$399.99

RARE "Discovered HIV" Robert Gallo Hand Signed 4X6 Color Photo JG Autographs COA

$599.99