Re: Dear Indiana Jones


Posted by Garry W. Denke on Jun 24, 2003 at 10:02
(12.237.89.80)

Re: Dear Indiana Jones (Laz)

Not to me. I am an Inigo (Indiana) Jones fan too. Indiana (Inigo) Jones conducted the first scientific survey of Stonehenge. Perhaps it was he who hid the gold ark of the covenant there.

In recorded history, there have been five (5) excavations of the Heelstone Ditch and/or the area within its circle at Stonehenge. The first was led by Doctor Garry Whilhelm Denke (1656), the second was led by Lieutenant-Colonel William Hawley (1923), the third and fourth were led by Professor Richard John Copland Atkinson (1953, 1956), and the fifth was led by Curator Mike Pitts (1979). None of these five excavations penetrated directly below Heelstone's eagle wings monument over the gold ark of the covenant.

Partial List of Stonehenge Digs:
--------------------------------

1620. Duke of Buckingham excavated within Stonehenge.

1620s. Inigo Jones conducted the first scientific survey of Stonehenge.

Jones, I, 1655, The most notable antiquity of Great Britain vulgarly called Stone-Heng on Salisbury plain. Restored by I.J. Edited by J. Webb. London: J. Flesher for D. Pakeman and L. Chapman.

Denke, G, 1656, Cored 16 Heel Stone ditch samples with iron pipe, first description of Stonehenge whitestones. The 16 cored arrows were preserved by the Caddo Confederacy of Texas (Brazos River).

1666. John Aubrey surveyed Stonehenge and produced his Review in 1666, where he described the prehistoric pits, later known as the Aubrey holes.

1721-1724. William Stukeley surveyed and excavated Stonehenge and its field monuments. 1721 discovered the Avenue extending beyond Stonehenge Bottom to King Barrow Ridge. 1723 discovered the Cursus.

1722 & 1723. William Stukeley and Lord Pembroke dug 5 barrows.

Stukeley, W, 1740. Stonehenge: a temple restor'd to the British druids. London: W. Innys & R. Manby.

1805-1810. William Cunnington dug at Stonehenge.

1839. Captain Beamish excavated within Stonehenge.

1880. Professor Flinders Petrie produced a plan of Stonehenge and numbered the stones.

Petrie, W M F, 1880, Stonehenge: plans, description, and theories. London: Edward Stanford.

Cunnington, W, 1884, Guide to the stones of Stonehenge. Devizes: Bull Printer.

Atkinson, R.J.C. 1984. Barrows excavated by William Stukeley near Stonehenge. Wiltshire Archaeological and Natural History Magazine, 79, 244-246.

1808. William Cunnington excavated a richly furnished Wessex I burial at Bush Barrow (Wilsford 5). It contained a skeleton with a large collection of grave goods. These included a bronze axe, three daggers, a stone sceptre, and two gold rhombus. One of the three daggers was pommel decorated with gold.

1810. William Cunnington and Sir Richard Colt Hoare excavated some 465 barrows within the area of Stonehenge using the shaft technique.

Hoare, R Colt, Sir, 1812, The Ancient History of South Wiltshire, Volume 1. Reprinted in 1975. London: William Miller.

Hoare, Sir R C, 1821, The ancient history of Wiltshire. Volume II. London: Lackington. [Reprinted 1975 by EP Publishing of Wakefield]

1868. John Thurman excavated 12 round barrows around Stonehenge.

Thurman, J, 1868, On ancient British barrows, especially those of Wiltshire and adjoining counties. Part 1, Long barrows. Archaeologia, 42, 402-21.

1901. Professor William Gowland meticulously recorded and excavated around stone number 56 at Stonehenge. He established the first fairly accurate date for Stonehenge to around 1800 BC.

Gowland, W, 1902, Recent excavations at Stonehenge. Archaeologia, 58, 37-82.

1917. Percy Farrer excavated the Stonehenge Cursus.

1919-1926. Colonel William Hawley extensively excavated in advance of restoration programmes at Stonehenge for the Office of Works and later for the Society of Antiquaries. Hawley excavated ditch sections of the Avenue, conducted an investigation of the Slaughter Stone and other stones at Stonehenge and rediscovered a number of Aubrey Holes through excavation.

Hawley, W, 1921, Stonehenge : interim report on the exploration. Antiquaries Journal, 1, 19-41.

Hawley, W, 1922, Second report of the excavations at Stonehenge. Antiquaries Journal, 2, 36-52.

1923. O G S Crawford and A D Passmore excavated three trenches to confirm the course of the Avenue identified through aerial photography.

Crawford, O.G.S, 1923, The Stonehenge Avenue. The Observer, 23rd October 1923.

Hawley, W, 1923, Third report on the excavations at Stonehenge. Antiquaries Journal, 3, 13-20.

Hawley, W, 1924, Fourth report on the excavations at Stonehenge, 1922. Antiquaries Journal, 4, 30-39.

Hawley, W, 1925, Report on the excavations at Stonehenge during the season of 1923. Antiquaries Journal, 5, 21-50.

Hawley, W, 1926, Report on the excavations at Stonehenge during the season of 1924. Antiquaries Journal, 6, 1-25.

1927. R C C Clay excavated two trenches in advance of the Amesbury to Stonehenge road construction at West Farm, Amesbury.

Clay, R.C.C., 1927, Stonehenge Avenue. Antiquity, 1, 342-4.

Hawley, W, 1928, Report on the excavations at Stonehenge during 1925 and 1926. Antiquaries Journal, 8, 149-76.

1929. Robert Newall excavated Stone 36.

Newall, R.S., 1929, Stonehenge. Antiquity, 3, 75-88.

Newall, R.S., 1929, Stonehenge, the recent excavations. Wiltshire Archaeological and Natural History Magazine, 44, 348-359.

1947. Marcus Stone excavated a section through the bank and ditch of the Cursus.

Stone, J.F.S, 1947, The Stonehenge Cursus and its affinities. Archaeological Journal, 104, 7-19. 1950. Robert Newall excavated Stone no. 66. 1952.

Newall excavated Stones 71 & 72.

Newall, R.S., 1952, Stonehenge stone no. 66. Antiquaries Journal, 32, 65-7.

1950-1964. Richard Atkinson, Stuart Piggott, and Marcus Stone published Hawley work, and re-excavated some of Hawley's trenches and undisturbed areas within Stonehenge. Limited excavations began 1950, included the examination of two remaining Aubrey Holes. Charcoal within one hole produced the first radiocarbon date for Stonehenge. Work was intended to construct a chronological sequence of Stonehenge.

Atkinson, R J C, Piggott, S, & Stone, J F S, 1952, The excavations of two additional holes at Stonehenge, and new evidence for the date of the monument. Antiquaries Journal, 32, 14-20.

Atkinson, R.J.C., 1956, Stonehenge. London. Penguin Books in association with Hamish Hamilton.

1966. Faith and Lance Vatcher excavated within Stonehenge car park.

1973. George Smith excavated sections of the southern and northern Avenue ditch between the river Avon and the Amesbury-Stonehenge road.

Smith, G, 1973, Excavations of the Stonehenge Avenue at West Amesbury, Wiltshire. Wiltshire Archaeological and Natural History Magazine, 68, 42-56.

Vatcher, F de M & Vatcher, H L, 1973, Excavation of three postholes in Stonehenge car park. Wiltshire Archaeological and Natural History Magazine, 68, 57-63.

1978. John Evans re-excavated a 1954 cutting through the Stonehenge ditch and bank to take samples for snail analysis and carbon dating.

Atkinson, R.J.C. & Evans, J.G. 1978. Recent excavations at Stonehenge. Antiquity, 52, 235-236.

Evans, J G, 1984, Stonehenge: the environment in the late Neolithic and early Bronze Age, and a beaker burial. Wiltshire Archaeological and Natural History Magazine, 78, 7-30.

1979-1980. George Smith excavated in the Stonehenge car park on behalf of the Central Excavation Unit.

Smith, G, 1981, Excavations in Stonehenge car park. Wiltshire Archaeological and Natural History Magazine, (1979-1980) 74-75, 181.

1979-1980. Mike Pitts excavated along the south side of A344 in advance of cable laying and pipe trenching. In 1979, he discovered a pit belonging to a previously unknown stone close to the Heel Stone. Geophysical survey identified pits along the course of the Avenue.

1980. Pitts excavated beside the A344. He discovered a stone floor and the only complete prehistoric artifact assemblage retained from the monument.

Pitts, M.W., 1981, The discovery of a new stone at Stonehenge. Archaeoastronomy, 4, 17-21.

Pitts, M.W., 1982, On the road to Stonehenge: Report on investigations beside the A344 in 1968, 1979 and 1980. Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society, 48, 75-132.

1981. The Central Excavations Unit excavated in advance to the construction of the footpath through Stonehenge.

Aubrey, J, 1982, Monumenta Britannica. Edited by John Fowles. Sherborne, Dorset : Dorset Publishing Co.

Bond, D, 1983, An excavation at Stonehenge, 1981. Wiltshire Archaeological and Natural History Magazine, 77, 39-43.

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