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Hello all, here's "An Exploratory Research Mechanism....



A uniquely balanced experimental mechanical arrangement, the Mechanism's motion is pendulous, but unlike a simple pendulum which has two possible positions of equilibrium (un-stable when up or stable when down), this Pendulum, because of the way it's balanced, actually has four possible positions of equilibrium.... two un-stable positions alligned with the force of gravity (pendulum un-stable when up or down vertically).... and two stable positions perpendicular to the force of gravity (pendulum stable when positioned to either side horizontally).
The gravitational force itself is not switched or turned on and off, the influence that gravity has on the Mechanism is changed by changing the Mechanism's condition.

The reason no mass is explicitly stated anywhere in the analysis is because I didn't see the need. The length of a line represents the magnitude of a force and the arrow itself represents the direction of a force. For example....
The situation graphically depicted in the diagram below won't change as long as any arbitrarily stated magnitude of force for the vector A is uniformly applied as a standard. In other words.... Whether one arbitrarily states for the vector A a magnitude of force equal to two ounces or sixteen pounds the resulting diagramatically shown vector proportions won't change in any way, and the diagram will remain an accurate representation for both scenarios (two ounces or sixteen pounds). So, since any arbitrarily stated magnitude of force for the vector A will result in an identical diagram and identical vector proportions, for the purpose of analysis, there's no need to state any specific magnitude of force for the vector A in the diagram.



It's the same for all of the scale drawings in the analysis. For example....

The situation graphically depicted in the scale diagram below won't change as long as any arbitrarily stated magnitude of force for the vector D is uniformly applied as a standard. In other words.... Whether one arbitrarily states a magnitude of force equal to two ounces or sixteen pounds for the vector D, the resulting diagramatically shown vector proportions in the scale drawing won't change in any way, and the diagram will remain an accurate representation of both scenarios (two ounces or sixteen pounds). Again, since any arbitrarily stated magnitude of force for the vector D will result in an identical diagram and identical vector proportions, for the purpose of analysis, there's no need to state any specific magnitude of force for the vector D in the diagram.



Whenever an arbitrarily stated magnitude of force for the vector D (or any other vector in the diagram) is uniformly applied as a standard, the magnitude of force associated with any of the other vectors in the scale drawings of the analysis can be quickly and easily derived. For example....

If the vector D is made to equal one inch and the arbitrarily stated magnitude of force associated with it is two ounces (one inch equals two ounces), then....

A.... 3/8 inch equals 0.75 ounces
B.... 3/4 inch equals 1.50 ounces
C.... 3/4 inch equals 1.50 ounces
E.... 3/8 inch equals 0.75 ounces
F.... F = C + B.... 0 ounces

If, instead, the vector D is made to equal one inch and the arbitrarily stated magnitude of force associated with it is sixteen pounds (one inch equals sixteen pounds), then....

A.... 3/8 inch equals 6 pounds
B.... 3/4 inch equals 12 pounds
C.... 3/4 inch equals 12 pounds
E.... 3/8 inch equals 6 pounds
F.... F = C + B.... 0 pounds

As you can see, for the purpose of analysis the very same numerically un-adorned diagram serves to describe both of the above scenarios equally well.

In the examples given above, there's no difficulty of description nor is there any appeal to intuition. Of course, one could go ahead and arbitrarily state this or that magnitude of force for the vector D and then carry out a thorough numerical analysis of the diagram, but that wouldn't change the result already shown diagramatically or the relative proportions of any of the various vectors depicted in the scale drawings of the analysis, it would only be a more specific confirmatory restatement of the generalized result already shown.

Using vectors, the diagram (below) illustrates both the direction and magnitude of the various forces arising from the various moving parts of the mechanism individually and shows (FIG. 4) how they ultimately cancel each other out.

FIG. 1 - Schematic representation of the Chassis.

FIG. 2 - The Chassis is fixed in this schematic. The diagram shows the downward force A of the Pendulum and the resulting force B on the Planet Sprocket.

FIG. 3 - The Sun Sprocket is fixed in this schematic. The Chassis and the Planet Sprocket are free to rotate. The diagram shows the downward force D of the planet sprocket. The force C on the Planet Sprocket is the result of the force D after the force E from the oppositely situated Counter Weight (fixed to the chassis) is subtracted, or.... D minus E equals C.

FIG. 4 - The Sun Sprocket is fixed in this schematic. The Planet Sprocket with its attached Pendulum and the Chassis are free to rotate. The equal and opposite forces B and C acting on the Planet Sprocket effectively cancel each other out and equilibrious balance F is the result.



A series of schematic diagrams (below) show how the equal and opposite forces B and C cancel each other out at various points around 360 degrees (the sun sprocket is fixed for this part of the analysis), presented here as an animation....



In order to render the mechanism purturbable the sun sprocket must be free to move. When it's free to move the mechanism's equilbrium (which was stable at all points around 360 degrees when the sun sprocket was fixed) can be purturbed via the chain by a slight change in the position of the sun sprocket by means of the control lever, which is fixed to the same axle as the sun sprocket. This is also the condition in which four distinct positions of equlibrium emerge. I found a video of an older model (balanced the very same way as the current model) that clearly demonstrates the four possible positions of equilibrium that arise when the sun sprocked is freed to rotate (two stable and two un-stable), appearing in the same order as listed below the video. The video also shows how the mechanism can be caused to rotate as easily in one directon as the other....

[size=150]http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OoF3zUu8G9s

1. Pendulum horizontal to the left, stable equilibrium.... the mechanism can't be caused to rotate by the action of the control lever from this position.

2. Pendulum horizontal to the right, stable equilibrium.... the mechanism can't be caused to rotate by the action of the control lever from this position.

3. Pendulum down vertically, un-stable equilibrium.... the mechanism can be caused to rotate by the action of the control lever from this position.

4. Pendulum up vertically, un-stable equilibrium.... the mechanism can be caused to rotate by the action of the control lever from this position.

This constitutes a perturbable form of balance that can result in immediate onset of rotation (in either direction), presented here as an animation....



A problem then arises as a direct result of the sun sprocket being freed to rotate for the purpose of perturbing the mechanism's equilibrium via the chain. The varying forces arising from changing mass distribution during rotation that was formerly transmitted directly to the stand when the sun sprocket was fixed now come to bear on the control lever instead. The diagram (below) shows the downward force D on the Planet Sprocket. The force H on the Sun Sprocket is the result of the force D, and the force I on the Control Lever is the result of the force H. The Mechanism is not balanced or in equilibrium in this diagram because there is no equal and opposite force to counter the force I.


That's where the calibrated spring comes in....

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=P_vF3ooVwAU&feature=player_embedded

....it's mounted on the back of the Mechanism (depicted to the right in the diagram below). The lower end X is fixed to the stand the mechanism is mounted on. The upper end Y is connected to the Control Lever. The diagram (below) shows how the equal and opposite forces I and J effectively cancel each other out and equilibrious balance Q is the result, or.... I minus J equals Q. The Mechanism is in a state of compensated equilibrium, the sum of all forces acting on the control lever is zero.



I want to minimize the magnitude of the input force needed to perturb the system.... the calibrated spring variably compensates for and cancels out the varying force coming to bear on the control lever due to changing mass distribution. The sum of the equal and opposite forces I and J coming to bear on the control lever equals zero at all times during rotation as shown (below). This constitutes a compensatory form of balance. It reduces the input force needed to cause immediate onset of rotation to the level of that needed to overcome only inertial and frictional resistance, presented here as an animation....



Analysis is not yet complete, coming up.... Timing, Acceleration, Force, Scale and Possible Applications....

More details.... http://thecolemechanism.blogspot.com/

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Impressive Aemilius - I wish I understood it smile

Welcome to SAGG!


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I really like that!

look at all the work that is being done with what
appears to be a small amount of work.

it takes a lot to change the momentum of a object
as is being shown in the video , the design does the work
it really builds velocity especially angular.

have you recorded the speed of the outer weight?

now let it do that small amount of work , and you have
a pm mobile.

you can sell them.





3/4 inch of dust build up on the moon in 4.527 billion years,LOL and QM is fantasy science.
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Bill S. "Impressive Aemilius...."

Thanks....

Bill S. "I wish I understood it...."

Anything in particular or just the whole thing? It really fits the definition of "Exploratory Research". I think paul summed it up.... I'm working the problem of "How much for how little?" I've been working on this (hobby status) for about fifteen years now. There were never any plans (all the schematic scale drawings came recently).... lots and lots of trial and error and endless hours of "freehand" fabrication of parts over the years to check out this or that arrangement has evolved over time into the current configuration.... I think it has some interesting properties.

paul "I really like that!

Thanks....

paul "look at all the work that is being done with what
appears to be a small amount of work. it takes a lot to change the momentum of a object
as is being shown in the video , the design does the work
it really builds velocity especially angular."


Right! It's bee engineered in such a way that the only resistance that must be overcome in order to cause immediate onset of relatively forceful rotation is the negligible resistance of friction offered by the slight back and forth motion of the main sun sprocket axel (equipped with bearings).

paul "have you recorded the speed of the outer weight?"

Not the outer weight particularly.... but I've clocked it as a whole at approximately/around 180 to 200 RPM. This is all after as few as fiteen or twenty very gentle periodic imbalancing displacements of the sun sprocket (that's timing it manually) past that it's difficult to accurately deliver the impulses effectively.

paul "now let it do that small amount of work , and you have
a pm mobile."


I don't know about perpetual motion (wouldn't mind if it turned out that way though!).... but it may have some applications for extracting rotational motion more efficiently from wind and wave and maybe a couple of other things too. As far as hooking up the output to the input goes, the cam controlled timing aspect of it (already installed but only partially visible in the video, not yet described) has to be connected to the control lever anyway so I'll find out.... the fun part!

paul "you can sell them."

Thought about that.... someone elsewhere mentioned it might make a good teaching aid too.... I don't really know yet how it'll end up.

Thanks for the welcome guys.... Emile

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The whole thing is a bit technical for me, but I can certainly appreciate the amount of work and devotion that must have gone into it.

I wish you every success with the project, both in terms of the research and a marketable outcome.

Keep us posted.

BTW:
Quote:
…. arrangement has evolved over time


Good thing Paul had already said he liked it! laugh


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This stage of the analysis illustrates the variable timing function of the adjustable Cam and Standing Lever. The Planet Sprocket with its attached Pendulum, the Chassis and the Sun Sprocket are all free to rotate in the following schematic diagrams.

The diagram below shows the Cam that's located directly behind the Sun Sprocket, it's fixed to the Chassis and rotates with it. The Standing Lever (visible in the videos as a second lever moving back and forth in front of the Control Lever) and the corresponding position of the Cam that's moving it are depicted to the left, presented here as an animation. By linking the Standing Lever to the Control Lever the mechanism's position can be synchronized with the position of the Control Lever at all points around 360 degrees....


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Aemilius

you could use a limit switch to energize a solenoid.



http://www.galco.com/buy/NTE-Electronics/54-403-BP



http://www.galco.com/buy/Deltrol-Controls/53754-87

the solenoid could pivot the device.

you can connect a counter to the electrical system to
time the iterations.

http://www.galco.com/buy/Redington-Counters/6330-1000



I believe that you can adjust the voltage going to the solenoid
on some solenoids so that the speed of the solenoid plunger can be adjusted , this way you could have a speed control switch attached.

http://www.galco.com/buy/Dart-Controls/SA-STOK-WO



my first thoughts for a application was a pump.

with a spring loaded piston inside the outer weight thing.

the piston would be forced outwards 2 times per rev , to
provide the pumping action.

like I said theses a lot of force in whipping that outer weight around like it does , this could easily be transmitted to a gas.












3/4 inch of dust build up on the moon in 4.527 billion years,LOL and QM is fantasy science.

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