Originally Posted By: Ellis
I thought that brain size did not indicate intelligence

That's right, there is evidence that in our species, brain size is unrelated to intelligence:

http://www.madsci.org/posts/archives/2000-10/970880334.Ns.r.html

But between species..from wiki:

"When comparing different species the ratio of brain weight to body weight does present a correlation with intelligence"

Any such correlation is a generalisation, but:

"For example, the ratio of brain weight to body weight...

for fish is 1:5000;
for reptiles it is about 1:1500;
for birds, 1:220;
for most mammals, 1:180
and for humans, 1:50."

Late edit!

"Neandertal...average brain size is slightly larger than that of modern humans, about 1450 cc, but this is probably correlated with their greater bulk."

http://www.talkorigins.org/faqs/homs/species.html

I guess that puts them, potentially, on a par with ourselves.

"Time is what prevents everything from happening at once" - John Wheeler